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Monarda punctata

Sources describe a drought-tolerant, mint-scented perennial with lavender- and white leaf-like bracts around light yellow tubular flowers with dark spots, readily self-seeding and naturalizing in suitable conditions while attracting a wide range of pollinators and beneficial insects.

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Common Names

Dotted Horsemint, Horsemint, Bee Balm, Spotted Beebalm, Spotted Horsemint, Dotted Mint

Summary

Monarda punctata, commonly called Spotted Beebalm or Spotted Horsemint, is a herbaceous perennial in the mint family native to eastern North America. It forms clumps 1–3 feet tall with square stems and aromatic leaves, and features yellow tubular flowers spotted with purple arranged in whorls, each whorl subtended by pink, lavender, or white leaf-like bracts. Nectar attracts pollinators including butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds. Leaves are fragrant and can be used in teas.

For cultivation, it prefers full sun to part shade and dry to medium-moisture, well-drained soils, and is drought-tolerant. It spreads by runners but is not overly aggressive and readily self-seeds in favorable conditions. Hardiness is typically in USDA zones 3–9. In landscapes, it suits borders, meadows, prairie plantings, wildflower gardens, and butterfly-friendly borders, and is deer- and rabbit-resistant.

Lifecycle

Annual, Biennial, Perennial

Height

1-3 feet

Spread

9-12 inches

Hardiness Zones

Zones 3-9

Sunlight Requirements

Ideally Full Sun; tolerates Partial Sun to Partial Shade.

Soil Type

Well-drained sandy soil with some moisture-retentive capability

Soil Drainage

Well-drained soil, preferably sandy soil or loam that drains well.

Soil pH

6.8-7.2, circumneutral, tolerates acidic to slightly alkaline soils

Bloom Color

Yellow with purple spots

Bloom Time

Late Spring to Early Fall

Foliage Color

Green

Fall Foliage Color

Yellow

Leaf Lifecycle

Other

Growth Rate

Fast

Seasons of Interest

Summer and Fall

Propagation Methods

Seeds, Cuttings, Division

Attracts Wildlife

Bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and other pollinators

References

Monarda punctata - Plant Finder. missouribotanicalgarden.org.
Spotted Bee Balm - Monarda punctata. bagleypondperennials.com.
Monarda punctata Bee Balm, Horsemint. edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
Complete Guide to Spotted Bee Balm, Monarda Puncta…. growitbuildit.com.
Monarda punctata. hardy-plant.org.uk.
Monarda punctata. mtcubacenter.org.
Monarda Punctata – Spotted Beebalm/Dotted Horsemin…. nativeplantgardener.ca.
Plant Profile: Monarda Punctata. northerngardener.org.
Attract Pollinators with Dotted Horsemint. nwdistrict.ifas.ufl.edu.
DOTTED HORSEMINT. plants.usda.gov.
Monarda punctata. fnps.org.
Spotted Beebalm (Monarda punctata) | U.S. Fish & W…. fws.gov.
Monarda punctata (Spotted Bee Balm). gardenia.net.
Plant Details. jerseyyards.org.
Monarda punctata Spotted Bee Balm. prairiemoon.com.
Hello, My Name Is Monarda. wildflower.org.
Monarda punctata (Spotted beebalm) | Native Plants…. wildflower.org.
World Flora Online. worldfloraonline.org. June 2024.