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Viola adunca

Hooked-Spur Violet, Sand Violet, Western Dog Violet

Names

Scientific name
Viola adunca
Common name
Hooked-Spur Violet, Sand Violet, Western Dog Violet

Measurements

Height
1 - 24 in
Spread
6 - 12 in
Spacing
12 in
Growth Rate
Moderate

Requirements

Hardiness zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial Shade, Full Shade
Soil Drainage
Moist but Well-drained
Soil type
Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Slightly acidic (6.1 - 6.5), Neutral (6.6 - 7.3)

Physical Traits

Lifecycle
Perennial
Leaf lifecycle
Deciduous
Foliage color
Medium Green
Bloom time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Bloom color
Violet, Purple, White-based lower petals, Blue to Purple, Sweet Periwinkle, Deep Purple, Deep Violet
Seasons of interest
Spring, Summer
Propagation methods
Seeds, Division
Attracts
Butterflies, Bees

Taxonomy

Taxonomic Rank
Species
Author
Sm.
Publication
Cycl. 37: n.ยบ 63 (1818)

Superior Taxa

Kingdom
Plantae
Subkingdom
Pteridobiotina
Phylum
Angiosperms
Order
Malpighiales
Family
Violaceae
Genus
Viola

Inferior Taxa

Viola adunca var. bellidifolia Viola adunca var. kirkii

Synonyms

Viola oreophila Viola petrophila Viola fulcrata Viola drepanophora Viola inamoena Viola huronensis Viola verbascula Viola subvestita Viola compacta Viola aduncoides Viola cardaminefolia Viola adunca var. uncinulata Viola adunca subsp. oxyceras Viola adunca var. adunca Viola adunca f. adunca Viola adunca var. oxyceras Viola adunca f. glabra Viola adunca var. glabra Viola retroscabra Viola demissa Viola tidestromii Viola uncinulata Lophion aduncum Viola longipes Viola canina var. oxyceras Viola bellidifolia subsp. valida Viola clarkiae Viola cordulata Viola desertorum Viola montanensis Viola odontophora Viola canina var. adunca Viola oxysepala Viola sylvatica var. adunca Viola canina var. longipes Viola oxyceras Viola adunca subsp. ashtonae Viola canina var. puberula Viola oreocallis Viola unguiculata Viola cascadensis Viola adunca subsp. adunca Viola adunca subsp. uncinulata Lophion aduncum var. glabrum Viola adunca var. longipes Viola mamillata Viola adunca f. albiflora Viola adunca subsp. radicosa Viola adunca var. cascadensis

References

Viola adunca, Washington Native Plant Society, https://www.wnps.org/native-plant-directory/70-viola-adunca, accessed November 8, 2024

Viola adunca (Western Blue Violet), Gardenia, https://www.gardenia.net/plant/viola-adunca, accessed November 8, 2024

Hookedspur Violet, USDA NCRS, https://plants.usda.gov/DocumentLibrary/plantguide/pdf/pg_viad.pdf, accessed November 8, 2024

Dog Violet, Calscape, https://calscape.org/Viola-adunca-(Dog-Violet), accessed November 8, 2024

OregonFlora Viola adunca, hooked-spur violet, https://oregonflora.org/taxa/garden.php?taxon=9114, accessed November 8, 2024

Viola adunca (Hooked-spur violet) | Native Plants of North America, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VIAD, accessed November 8, 2024

Viola adunca (hook-spurred violet): Go Botany, Native Plant Trust, https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/viola/adunca/, accessed November 8, 2024

San Violet, Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program, https://www.mass.gov/doc/sand-violet/download, accessed November 8, 2024

Sand Violet - Montana Field Guide, Government of Montana, https://fieldguide.mt.gov/speciesDetail.aspx?elcode=PDVIO04010, accessed November 8, 2024

Viola adunca | FWS.gov, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, https://www.fws.gov/media/viola-adunca, accessed November 8, 2024

World Flora Online, http://www.worldfloraonline.org/, accessed June 20, 2024

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